In the mid-20th Century composers such as John Cage began experimenting with the use of chance in music. For example, Cage threw dice and consulted the Chinese Book of Changes to randomise compositional decision-making. In 1960 he inspired Witold Lutosławski, too, to investigate the use of chance. Yet Lutosławski never relinquished decision-making. For him, a small degree of chance - in technical terms, limited or controlled aleatorism - was a means of attaining richly complex rhythmic textures while at the same time enlisting the full expressive instincts of his musicians.